Which year was celebrated as 'year of probation'?

The correct answer is (1) 1975.

Explanation:

In the context of Pakistan’s political and constitutional history, the year 1975 is referred to as the “year of probation.” This designation arose because, following the promulgation of the 1973 Constitution, 1975 was seen as a critical trial period during which the new political, administrative, and social arrangements were put to the test. The leadership and the people were both expected to adjust to and evaluate the new systems, policies, and democratic procedures. It was a period of evaluation and transformation—hence the term “probation.”

Why the Other Options Are Not Correct:

• (2) 1971:
  Although 1971 was one of the most momentous and tragic years in the history of Pakistan—marked by the secession of East Pakistan and the creation of Bangladesh—it was not celebrated as a “year of probation.” Instead, it is remembered as a year of crisis and loss.

• (3) 1982:
  This year falls in the period of General Zia-ul-Haq’s martial law regime. While 1982 was significant in terms of policy shifts and the Islamization process, it was not designated or celebrated as a “year of probation.” The focus then was on consolidating the military government’s power rather than testing a new constitutional order.

• (4) 1989:
  The year 1989 was important as it marked the transition from martial law to democratic governance after the regime of Zia-ul-Haq. However, it is not referred to as the “year of probation.” Instead, it is noted as a time of political change and the revival of parliamentary democracy.

Summary:

• 1975 is recognized as the “year of probation” because it was the period immediately following the establishment of the 1973 Constitution when the new political system was being rigorously tested.
• The other years, while significant in Pakistan’s history, are associated with different events and are not linked with the idea of a probationary or trial period.

Thus, the correct answer is (1) 1975.