Test your knowledge with 20 MCQs on Urban Governance | Meaning, Principles, Local Governance & Urban Violence
Test your knowledge with 20 MCQs on Urban Governance, covering its meaning, principles, urban local governance, and challenges like urban violence. Each question includes answers and explanations for better learning.
1. What does urban governance primarily refer to?
A) The economic growth of cities
B) The management and administration of urban areas
C) The role of the judiciary in urban disputes
D) The historical development of cities
Answer: B) The management and administration of urban areas
Explanation: Urban governance involves the processes, institutions, and policies that regulate and manage urban spaces effectively.
2. Which of the following is a key principle of urban governance?
A) Centralized decision-making
B) Citizen participation and transparency
C) Exclusion of private sector involvement
D) Ignoring environmental concerns
Answer: B) Citizen participation and transparency
Explanation: Good urban governance requires citizen involvement, transparency, and accountability to ensure sustainable and inclusive development.
3. What is the primary function of urban local governance?
A) Controlling rural migration
B) Providing essential services and infrastructure
C) Regulating national defense policies
D) Managing international trade agreements
Answer: B) Providing essential services and infrastructure
Explanation: Urban local governance is responsible for municipal services such as water supply, waste management, roads, and public transport.
4. Which of the following is a major challenge to urban governance?
A) Rapid urbanization
B) Declining population
C) Lack of cultural activities
D) Increasing agricultural dependence
Answer: A) Rapid urbanization
Explanation: Rapid urbanization puts pressure on infrastructure, housing, and services, making governance more challenging.
5. What is the role of municipal corporations in urban governance?
A) Managing international relations
B) Handling local administration, development, and services
C) Controlling national monetary policies
D) Regulating global trade markets
Answer: B) Handling local administration, development, and services
Explanation: Municipal corporations oversee urban services, development projects, and local governance.
6. Which constitutional amendment in India empowered urban local governance?
A) 42nd Amendment
B) 73rd Amendment
C) 74th Amendment
D) 86th Amendment
Answer: C) 74th Amendment
Explanation: The 74th Constitutional Amendment (1992) strengthened urban local bodies by granting them greater autonomy and responsibilities.
7. What is a major cause of urban violence?
A) Over-reliance on technology
B) Income inequality and unemployment
C) Excessive government control
D) Declining literacy rates
Answer: B) Income inequality and unemployment
Explanation: Economic disparities and lack of job opportunities often contribute to crime and urban violence.
8. Which institution is primarily responsible for urban planning in India?
A) Reserve Bank of India
B) Municipal Corporations
C) NITI Aayog
D) National Highway Authority of India
Answer: B) Municipal Corporations
Explanation: Municipal corporations are responsible for urban planning, infrastructure development, and local governance.
9. What is a common form of urban violence?
A) Piracy
B) Organized crime and gang violence
C) Deforestation
D) Agricultural disputes
Answer: B) Organized crime and gang violence
Explanation: Urban violence often includes gang-related activities, robberies, and conflicts over resources.
10. Which of the following is an important stakeholder in urban governance?
A) Only government institutions
B) Private sector, civil society, and local governments
C) Only law enforcement agencies
D) Only international organizations
Answer: B) Private sector, civil society, and local governments
Explanation: Urban governance involves multiple stakeholders, including governments, businesses, NGOs, and residents.
11. What is a key principle of sustainable urban governance?
A) Ignoring climate change
B) Short-term infrastructure planning
C) Environmental sustainability and resilience
D) Expanding urban sprawl without regulations
Answer: C) Environmental sustainability and resilience
Explanation: Sustainable urban governance ensures long-term environmental, economic, and social well-being.
12. How do smart cities contribute to urban governance?
A) By increasing bureaucracy
B) By using technology for efficient service delivery
C) By eliminating public transport
D) By centralizing power in one authority
Answer: B) By using technology for efficient service delivery
Explanation: Smart cities use digital technologies to improve public services, transportation, and governance efficiency.
13. What role does the police play in urban governance?
A) Only investigating national-level crimes
B) Maintaining law and order in cities
C) Providing healthcare facilities
D) Controlling agricultural production
Answer: B) Maintaining law and order in cities
Explanation: The police are essential for crime prevention, public safety, and law enforcement in urban areas.
14. Which of the following is an urban governance issue in developing countries?
A) Efficient waste management
B) Uncontrolled urban sprawl and slums
C) Well-planned public transportation
D) Low crime rates
Answer: B) Uncontrolled urban sprawl and slums
Explanation: Many developing cities struggle with slum proliferation, lack of infrastructure, and unregulated expansion.
15. What is the primary reason for ineffective urban governance?
A) Strong public-private partnerships
B) Corruption and lack of accountability
C) Well-planned public policies
D) Low urban population growth
Answer: B) Corruption and lack of accountability
Explanation: Corruption, lack of transparency, and poor policy implementation weaken urban governance.
16. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) in urban governance help in:
A) Reducing citizen participation
B) Improving infrastructure development and service delivery
C) Eliminating the need for local governments
D) Increasing bureaucratic inefficiency
Answer: B) Improving infrastructure development and service delivery
Explanation: PPPs allow collaboration between the government and private sector to enhance urban services.
17. What is a major challenge in urban waste management?
A) Overpopulation and inadequate waste disposal systems
B) Declining urban population
C) Government support for waste processing
D) Minimal industrial waste production
Answer: A) Overpopulation and inadequate waste disposal systems
Explanation: Growing urban populations generate large amounts of waste, leading to disposal and environmental issues.
18. Why is participatory urban governance important?
A) It excludes marginalized communities
B) It ensures citizens have a voice in decision-making
C) It centralizes power among politicians
D) It reduces transparency in policy implementation
Answer: B) It ensures citizens have a voice in decision-making
Explanation: Participatory governance allows communities to be actively involved in urban planning and decision-making.
19. What is one way to reduce urban violence?
A) Increasing inequality
B) Providing economic and social opportunities
C) Eliminating law enforcement agencies
D) Reducing community engagement
Answer: B) Providing economic and social opportunities
Explanation: Addressing root causes like unemployment and poverty can help reduce urban violence.
20. Which of the following is a key objective of urban governance?
A) Increasing rural dependency
B) Sustainable and inclusive urban development
C) Centralizing all decisions at the national level
D) Excluding informal workers from the economy
Answer: B) Sustainable and inclusive urban development
Explanation: Urban governance aims to create livable, sustainable, and inclusive cities for all residents.
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