25 MCQ on 25 MCQ on Sustainable Development

1. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by the United Nations in:

a) 2000 b) 2010 c) 2015 d) 2020 Answer: c) 2015

2. The three pillars of sustainable development are: a) Economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection b) Economic development, education, and health c) Environmental conservation, political stability, and industrial growth d) Urbanization, globalization, and innovation Answer: a) Economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection

3. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy? a) Coal b) Solar power c) Natural gas d) Oil Answer: b) Solar power

4. "Circular economy" aims to: a) Minimize waste and promote reuse and recycling of materials b) Maximize resource extraction and utilization c) Promote a linear production model d) Focus on rapid industrialization Answer: a) Minimize waste and promote reuse and recycling of materials

5. "Climate change" is primarily caused by: a) Natural processes only b) Human activities and natural processes c) Volcanic eruptions d) Solar radiation fluctuations Answer: b) Human activities and natural processes

6. "Biodiversity" refers to: a) The variety of life on Earth, including species, genes, and ecosystems b) The variety of cultures and societies around the world c) The diversity of economic activities within a region d) The number of animal species in a particular area Answer: a) The variety of life on Earth, including species, genes, and ecosystems

7. Which of the following is a non-renewable resource? a) Wind b) Natural gas c) Solar energy d) Biomass Answer: b) Natural gas

8. The Paris Agreement is an international treaty related to: a) Trade regulation b) Climate change mitigation c) Human rights d) Nuclear disarmament Answer: b) Climate change mitigation

9. "Sustainable consumption" encourages: a) Wasteful use of resources b) Preservation of resources for future generations c) Mass production of goods d) Overexploitation of natural habitats Answer: b) Preservation of resources for future generations

10. "Carbon footprint" measures: a) The total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by an individual, organization, event, or product b) The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere c) The carbon content of a fuel d) The carbon credits an organization possesses Answer: a) The total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by an individual, organization, event, or product

11. The "triple bottom line" approach in sustainability emphasizes: a) Economic, social, and environmental performance b) Political, economic, and social stability c) Economic, environmental, and technological progress d) Financial, political, and social responsibility Answer: a) Economic, social, and environmental performance

12. "Sustainable urban planning" aims to: a) Create cities that are environmentally friendly, socially equitable, and economically viable b) Encourage rapid urbanization and industrialization c) Promote rural development at the expense of urban areas d) Focus solely on economic growth within urban centers Answer: a) Create cities that are environmentally friendly, socially equitable, and economically viable

13. "Eco-tourism" focuses on: a) Tourism that minimizes its environmental impact and promotes conservation b) Luxury travel experiences c) Urban tourism d) Mass tourism to popular destinations Answer: a) Tourism that minimizes its environmental impact and promotes conservation

14. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is responsible for: a) Coordinating environmental activities and assisting in the development of international environmental policies b) Regulating global trade and commerce c) Addressing social inequalities d) Promoting technological advancements Answer: a) Coordinating environmental activities and assisting in the development of international environmental policies

15. "Responsible consumption and production" (SDG 12) aims to: a) Ensure sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources b) Promote excessive consumption of goods and services c) Encourage the wasteful use of resources d) Limit access to resources Answer: a) Ensure sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources

16. "Agenda 21" is a comprehensive plan of action adopted during the: a) Earth Summit in 1992 b) Millennium Summit in 2000 c) Kyoto Protocol in 1997 d) Copenhagen Summit in 2009 Answer: a) Earth Summit in 1992

17. "E-waste" refers to: a) Discarded electronic devices and equipment b) Excessive use of electronic devices c) Renewable energy sources d) Technological advancements in electronics Answer: a) Discarded electronic devices and equipment

18. "Decoupling" in the context of sustainability refers to: a) Breaking ties between economic growth and environmental degradation b) Combining economic growth and environmental preservation c) Accelerating industrialization and economic expansion d) Encouraging a linear production model Answer: a) Breaking ties between economic growth and environmental degradation

19. The "Montreal Protocol" aims to address the issue of: a) Ozone layer depletion by phasing out ozone-depleting substances b) Air pollution from industrial emissions c) Deforestation and loss of biodiversity d) Greenhouse gas emissions Answer: a) Ozone layer depletion by phasing out ozone-depleting substances

20. "Social entrepreneurship" focuses on: a) Addressing social and environmental challenges through innovative business solutions b) Maximizing profits at any cost c) State-led economic development d) Encouraging monopolistic practices Answer: a) Addressing social and environmental challenges through innovative business solutions

21. "Greenwashing" refers to: a) Misleading claims about environmental benefits to promote a product or service b) Promoting legitimate environmental practices c) Encouraging sustainable consumption d) The use of green packaging for products Answer: a) Misleading claims about environmental benefits to promote a product or service

22. "Sustainable agriculture" aims to: a) Enhance food security while preserving the environment and supporting local communities b) Maximize crop yield at any cost c) Promote monoculture farming practices d) Introduce genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to the agricultural system Answer: a) Enhance food security while preserving the environment and supporting local communities

23. The "Precautionary Principle" advocates for: a) Taking preventive action to avoid potential harm, even in the absence of scientific certainty b) Delaying action until scientific certainty is achieved c) Ignoring potential risks for immediate economic gains d) Prioritizing economic growth over environmental concerns Answer: a) Taking preventive action to avoid potential harm, even in the absence of scientific certainty

24. "Water scarcity" is characterized by: a) Insufficient access to clean water resources for a population b) Excessive availability of water resources c) Equitable distribution of water resources d) Overuse of water resources in a region Answer: a) Insufficient access to clean water resources for a population

25. "Smart cities" focus on utilizing technology to: a) Enhance urban efficiency, sustainability, and quality of life b) Encourage excessive energy consumption c) Promote suburban living d) Reduce the urban population Answer: a) Enhance urban efficiency, sustainability, and quality of life