Who is the founder of psychosocial theory?

Who is the founder of psychosocial theory?

Who is the founder of psychosocial theory?

Erik Erikson is famously known for the development of psychosocial theory. He was a German-American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst who expanded Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development to include eight stages of psychosocial development that occur throughout the lifespan.

Erikson's theory proposes that each stage of development is characterized by a psychosocial crisis, which is a conflict between two opposing forces. The successful resolution of each crisis leads to the development of a positive personality trait, while the unsuccessful resolution can lead to the development of a negative personality trait.

The eight stages of psychosocial development are:

  1. Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy): The infant learns to trust the primary caregiver or caregivers, or to mistrust the world.
  2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Early Childhood): The toddler learns to control their body and their actions, or to feel shame and doubt.
  3. Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool): The child learns to take initiative and explore the world, or to feel guilty about their actions.
  4. Industry vs. Inferiority (School Age): The child learns to be productive and competent, or to feel inferior.
  5. Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence): The adolescent develops a sense of self-identity, or experiences role confusion.
  6. Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood): The adult develops close relationships with others, or feels isolated.
  7. Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood): The adult contributes to society and helps others, or feels stagnant.
  8. Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood): The adult accepts their life and its accomplishments, or feels despair.

Erikson's psychosocial theory has been influential in many fields, including psychology, sociology, and education. It has been used to understand individual development, as well as the development of cultures and societies.

Who is Erik Erikson?

Erik Erikson was a German-American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst who expanded Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development to include eight stages of psychosocial development that occur throughout the lifespan.

Erikson was born in Frankfurt, Germany, in 1902. He was raised by his mother and stepfather, who was a pediatrician. Erikson showed an early interest in art and anthropology, and he studied these subjects at the University of Frankfurt. In 1927, he moved to Vienna to study psychoanalysis with Anna Freud.

In 1933, Erikson emigrated to the United States. He worked as a child psychologist and psychoanalyst, and he taught at Harvard University, the University of California, Berkeley, and Yale University.

Erikson's best-known work is his theory of psychosocial development. This theory proposes that each stage of development is characterized by a psychosocial crisis, which is a conflict between two opposing forces. The successful resolution of each crisis leads to the development of a positive personality trait, while the unsuccessful resolution can lead to the development of a negative personality trait.

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