Social Work Methods and Correctional Service.

Introduction

Social Work emerged as a profession in the 20th century and today, it is charged with social welfare mandate of promoting the welfare and the well-being of vulnerable people as well as the community with a greater quality of life. Thus, social work encompasses activities directed to improving human and social conditions and alleviating human distress and social problems. On the other hand, social work as a caregiver or caring profession work with people to enhance their competency level and social functioning and to create humanely and responsive social services and by dint of these the social structure is expanded to create an opportunity for the community in specific and society at large. Since the birth of the prison, the criminal justice system has been criticized for inhuman treatment to its prisoners and various aspects of its failure to make criminals into law-abiding citizens all over the world.

According to the CASW Code of Ethics (1991 Preamble), "social workers are dedicated to the welfare and self-realization of human beings... and to the achievement of social justice for all." The term “corrections” refers to the system response to individuals (women, men, and young persons of both sexes) who have come into conflict with the law and have been convicted of a crime. The correctional system is one component of the larger criminal justice system and is dedicated to improving public safety by helping offenders to become law-abiding citizens while exercising secure and humane control.

AIM OF CORRECTIONAL SERVICES:

• To restore and enhance the social functioning
• To Correcting and Modifying the Personality of Criminals, Survivors or Victims
• To reintegrate back into society to the Survivor and Criminals

Social Work Methods and Correctional Setting :

 A Correctional setting (or Criminal justice social workers or prison social workers which are synonymous) as they are sometimes called are social workers whose clients are, have been or may soon be imprisoned or incarceration. Social workers in correctional or criminal justice settings have two basic ethical and professional obligations:

•  (1) To ameliorate the mental health needs of their clients, to return individuals to the community who will be productive,
• (2) To serve the interests of public safety.

METHODS	RELATION WITH CORRECTIONAL SERVICES
Social casework	The purpose is to help an individual client to solve his/her psycho-social problems in such a way, so that the client finds himself/herself capable of dealing with these problems at present and also may solve in the future if such problems arise.          On the other, it understands the internal problems of the individuals, strengthens their ego power, remediates problems and develops the resources to enhance social functioning.
Social group work	It is a powerful method by transforming the attitude and behavior with the correctional services of offenders. It strengthens the emotion by gaining inner resilience and increasing the feeling that, they are not helpless.
Community organization	It brings and maintains a progressively more effective adjustment between social welfare resources and social welfare needs to the convicts. On the other side, it reintegrates and rehabilitates with society.
Social welfare administration	By evaluating the organizational performance, it facilitates a systematic and continuous problem-solving approaches for the client. Thus, it enables the process by involving decision making.
Social action	It makes a proper shape and develops the socio-cultural environment, In which a more affluent life is possible for all. Like: - Public Interest Litigation (PIL) process goes for a long period so that the under a trial are kept in jail without any processed, in that case, the social worker to give justice.
Social work research	It improves and enlarges the treatment in the fields of correctional services by the help of extensive research.

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Chandrakanti Nayak

As a human being , at first my duty is to understanding requires compassion, patience, and a willingness to believe that good hearts sometimes choose necessitous approaches to get a solution of problem.